汾河流域城乡聚落体系发展潜能测度及空间模式探究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

侯志华  刘敏  樊晓霞  贾宇平 《地理科学》2020,40(12):1978-1989

以11 188个自然聚落斑块为研究对象，基于场强模型，定量测度汾河流域城乡聚落体系发展潜能，借助GIS技术和地理探测器模型，分析其空间格局特征及驱动因素，进而探讨流域城乡融合发展空间模式。结果表明：① 城乡聚落斑块发展潜能差异显著，且空间分布极不均衡；纵向上中游流域高于下游流域高于上游流域，横向上河谷盆地区高于周边缓丘区高于两侧山丘区。② 聚落斑块发展潜能具有正向空间自相关性，高值斑块聚类显著；具有空间异质性特征且方向性明显，汾河主河道方向联动效应最强，空间联系最紧密；存在局域热点区，并呈现“主核–廊道–次核”的空间结构形态。③ 自然基础、社会经济发展水平和区位条件共同影响着城乡聚落体系发展潜质及空间结构形态；融合发展采取非均衡增长路径，市、县、镇、村全局考虑，构建“强化核心点–培育发展轴–扶持特色区–带动全流域”的逐层推进式空间发展模式。  相似文献   

Waveform Characteristics of Earthquakes Induced by Hydraulic Fracturing and Mining Activities: Comparison with Those of Natural Earthquakes     

Li  Nan  Li  Baolin  Chen  Dong  Wang  Enyuan  Tan  Yuyang  Qian  Jiawei  Jia  Haishan 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(6):3653-3674

Natural Resources Research - Some industrial activities, such as underground mining, hydraulic fracturing (HF), can cause microearthquakes and even damaging earthquakes. In recent years, with the...  相似文献   

基于Sentinel-2的潮间红树林提取方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐芳  张英  翟亮  刘佳  谷祥辉 《测绘通报》2020,(2):49-54

位于潮间带的红树林可能在高潮时被海水淹没的特点，使得传统的植被提取方法在红树林信息提取方面存在局限性。本文在对比分析了出露的红树林、高潮水位淹没的红树林、海水水体的光谱特征后，提出了一种利用归一化潮间红树林指数（NIMI）提取潮间带红树林的方法。该指数是由植被强吸收的红波段，强反射的两个红边波段和近红外波段组成的归一化表达式。利用该指数对福建省龙海九龙江口湿地的红树林进行了分类提取，提取结果与高分二号影像目视验证和现场调查结果进行了对照。结果显示，该方法提取红树林的用户精度达到93.98%，并显著优于利用归一化水体指数（NDWI）、归一化植被指数（NDVI）及随机森林的结果。  相似文献   

台湾海峡冬、夏季氮通量的数值模拟研究     

杨金湘  王佳 《海洋学报》2018,40(4):30-40

本文建立了一个气候态驱动的台湾海峡物理-生态耦合模型（ROMS-NPZD）。与遥感观测数据的比较表明，模型能够较好地模拟出冬、夏季台湾海峡主要的温度和叶绿素分布特征。模型揭示了夏季台湾海峡营养盐输运的东、西通道，与南海次表层水的入侵通道一致；冬季，海峡中的营养盐来源于闽浙沿岸水和通过澎湖水道入侵的南海次表层水。模拟结果表明:夏季，通过海峡流入东海的氮主要为有机氮；冬季，闽浙沿岸流为海峡和南海北部陆架提供了丰富的营养盐，不仅如此，南海次表层水进入海峡的营养盐通量与夏季相当。  相似文献   

基于TPB拓展模型游艇旅游行为意向影响机制研究     

刘佳  贾楠 《海洋通报》2018,(4):378-388

在改进计划行为理论(TPB)模型基础上,引入人口特征和游艇文化变量,构建游艇旅游行为意向的影响机制模型,以实地调研和问卷调查作为数据来源,运用结构方程模型(SEM)实证检验影响旅游者参与游艇旅游行为意向的主要因素及其作用机制。研究表明:当前我国旅游者参与游艇旅游的意向较高;旅游者的行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和游艇文化是影响其选择游艇旅游活动的重要因素;旅游者的行为态度、游艇文化2个变量对游艇旅游行为意向具有显著的正向影响;主观规范和感知行为控制均通过行为态度这一中介变量间接影响游艇旅游行为意向。  相似文献   

粉质土海底边界层动态演化过程波浪水槽实验     

文明征  贾永刚  王振豪  张少同  单红仙 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):96-104

The objectives of this study are carried out a series of controlled large wave flume experiments using fine-grained sediment from the Huanghe River Delta, exploring the complete sequence of sediment behavior in the bottom boundary layer(BBL) during wave-induced liquefaction. The results show that:(1) The BBL in silty seabed is exposed to a progressive wave, goes through a number of different stages including compaction before liquefaction, sediment liquefaction, and compaction after liquefaction, which determines the range and thickness of BBL.(2) With the introduction of waves, first, the sediment surface has settled by an amount S(S=1–2 cm) in the course of wave loadings with an insufficient accumulation of pore water pressure. And a thin high concentration layer formed the near-bed bottom.(3) Once the liquefaction sets in, the liquefied sediment with an ‘orbital motion' and the sub-liquefied sediment form a two-layer-sediment region. The range of BBL extends downwards and stopped at a certain depth, subsequently, develops upwards with the compaction process. Meanwhile, resuspended sediments diffuse to the upper water column.(4) During the dynamics process of the BBL beneath progressive waves, the re-suspended sediment increment ranked as sediment liquefaction erosion before liquefaction compaction after liquefaction.  相似文献   

Spatio‐temporal prediction of land surface temperature using semantic kriging     

Shrutilipi Bhattacharjee  Jia Chen  Soumya K. Ghosh 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(1):189-212

Spatio‐temporal prediction and forecasting of land surface temperature (LST) are relevant. However, several factors limit their usage, such as missing pixels, line drops, and cloud cover in satellite images. Being measured close to the Earth's surface, LST is mainly influenced by the land use/land cover (LULC) distribution of the terrain. This article presents a spatio‐temporal interpolation method which semantically models LULC information for the analysis of LST. The proposed spatio‐temporal semantic kriging (ST‐SemK) approach is presented in two variants: non‐separable ST‐SemK (ST‐SemK_NSep) and separable ST‐SemK (ST‐SemK_Sep). Empirical studies have been carried out with derived Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite images of LST for two spatial regions: Kolkata, India and Dallas, Texas, U.S. It has been observed that semantically enhanced spatio‐temporal modeling by ST‐SemK yields more accurate prediction results than spatio‐temporal ordinary kriging and other existing methods.  相似文献   

一种基于卫星遥感的临近预报方法     

刘佳 《测绘通报》2019,(3):113-115,119

中尺度对流系统（MCS）是形成强对流天气的主要原因，云团在MCS生命周期中的分裂合并问题是临近预报的难点。为解决这一问题，本文提出了FCC方法，该方法使用质心位移和FY-2卫星数据预测多个对流单体的运动轨迹。多个案例分析证明，FCC算法在MCS的各个生命周期均能进行有效的预测，包括初生、成熟和消散阶段。此外，通过列联表方法验证了所提算法的有效性。  相似文献   

Study on wetting deformation characteristics of coarse granular materials and its simulation in core-wall rockfill dams     

Xiongxiong Zhou  Shichun Chi  Maohua Wang  Yufeng Jia 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(6):851-873

The wetting deformation of coarse granular materials is often considered to be an important cause of the core wall rockfill dam cracks during impounding. By analyzing existing research results, this paper proposes a hyperbolic relationship between the wetting axial strain and wetting stress level and puts forwards a warped surface relationship among spherical stress, shear stress, and the ratio of wetting volumetric strain to wetting axial strain. To illustrate its practicability, the wetting strain model's parameter determination process is introduced and the rockfill materials wetting parameters are determined using the triaxial wetting test data. Moreover, the collapse settlement of Guanyinyan rockfill dam during first impounding is numerically simulated using the proposed method to calculate rockfill wetting deformation and verified by field measurements and monitoring data. The results show that the calculative method of wetting deformation proposed in this paper is reasonable and practical; the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill materials would cause an adverse deformation trend, which may lead to crack occurrence at the upstream slope and dam crest; and the Guanyinyan rockfill dam cracks on the top of junction mainly caused by the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill.  相似文献   

青藏高原高寒区生物地理学研究进展     

宋艾  杨久成  丁文娜  刘佳 《冰川冻土》2021,43(3):786-797

近年来,随着DNA测序技术的发展,青藏高原及周边地区的生物地理学研究取得重大成果,从生物演化方面着手探讨了青藏高原隆升历史及其气候效应。综合近年来地质学、古生物学与生物地理学研究进展,我们发现高原及周边地区高寒生物类群的起源和分化时间以及多样性演化过程表明早在渐新世青藏高原部分地区就已经存在高寒生态系统,晚中新世以来青藏高原不同组成部分的地貌与气候格局发生重大改变,高寒生物的祖先类群不断迁入正在生长的高原或在高原上就地演化出适应高寒生境的新物种。晚上新世高寒区物种分化速率快速升高,多样性增加,可能是高原巨大山系和水系以及冰川作用造成地理隔离的结果。同时,生物地理学研究发现青藏高原及周边地区的高寒区与北半球高纬度地区存在密切联系,在第四纪冰期期间并未形成覆盖整个青藏高原的大冰盖,高原面上仍存在很多生物避难所。地质学、古生物学与生物地理学等进行的多学科交叉研究对全方位理解青藏高原隆升历史及其气候效应具有重要意义。  相似文献